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Wolfgang Wagner (30 August 191921 March 2010) was a German opera director. He is best known as the director (Festspielleiter) of the Bayreuth Festival, a position he initially assumed alongside his brother Wieland in 1951 until the latter's death in 1966. From then on, he assumed total control until he retired in 2008, although many of the productions which he commissioned were severely criticized in their day. He had been plagued by family conflicts and criticism for many years. He was the son of Siegfried Wagner, the grandson of Richard Wagner, and the great-grandson of Franz Liszt. ==Biography== His mother, Winifred Wagner (''née'' Williams-Klindworth), was English. He was born at Wahnfried, the Wagner family home in Bayreuth in Bavaria. In addition to his elder brother Wieland (1917–66), he had an elder sister Friedelind Wagner (1918–1991), and a younger sister Verena Wagner (Verena Lafferenz, born 1920). During the 1920s Winifred Wagner was an admirer, supporter and friend of the Nazi leader, Adolf Hitler, who became a regular visitor to Bayreuth. Wolfgang Wagner first met Hitler in 1923, when he was four years old, and the Wagner children were encouraged to call him "Uncle Adolf" or "Uncle Wolf" (his nickname). When Hitler became Chancellor in 1933, he showered favours on the Wagner family. Wolfgang was a member of the Hitler Youth but never joined the Nazi Party. He joined the German Army in 1939. During the Polish campaign he was severely wounded in the arm, and he was discharged as medically unfit in June 1940 (Hitler visited him in the hospital).〔Jonathan Carr (2007), ''The Wagner Clan'', Faber, ISBN 0871139758〕 Wagner married twice, to Ellen Drexel (1919–2002) and Gudrun Mack (1944–2007).〔(Schock in Bayreuth – Gudrun Wagner tot ). Spiegel.de (2007-11-28). Retrieved on 2012-09-02.〕 He has three children: Eva, born 1945, Gottfried, born 1947 and Katharina, born 1978.〔(Joseph M. Erbacher's Wagner Family Tree ). Home.c2i.net. Retrieved on 2012-09-02.〕 He was reportedly estranged from his daughter Eva over control of the Bayreuth Festival,〔 while Gottfried, who has long been publicly critical,〔("Wagner descendant slams composer" ), ''The Local'', 19 May 2013〕 and was banned from the family villa in 1975,〔Kate Connolly ("'Lost son' Gottfried Wagner reopens the family feud over Bayreuth" ), ''The Observer'', 4 April 2010〕 only learned of his father's death from media coverage.〔 According to Gottfried's autobiography ''Twilight of the Wagners: The Unveiling of a Family's Legacy'' (1997, English version: 1999), his father told him in the 1950s: "Hitler cured unemployment and restored worldwide respect for the German economy. He freed our people from a moral crisis and united all decent forces. We Wagners have him to thank for the idealistic rescue of the Bayreuth festival."〔cited by Martin Kettle ("The twilight of the Wagners" ), ''The Guardian'', 8 June 2000〕 Eva was eventually named as his successor as the director of the Bayreuth Festival in conjunction with his preferred candidate, his daughter Katharina, after the two women reached an agreement following the death of his second wife who was Katharina's mother.〔("Two Great-Granddaughters of R. Wagner named to manage Bayreuth" ). ''New York Times'' (2008-09-02). Retrieved on 2012-09-02.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wolfgang Wagner」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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